Glossary of Terms

Term	Definition
ASDA Service Center (ASC)	A centrally-located facility to ASDA stores where trash is separated from recyclable items.
Backhaul	The return movement of a truck from its original destination to its original point of origin, while carrying goods back over all, or part, of the same route. http://www.shipnorthamerica.com/htmfiles/gloss_shipterms_back.htm
Cradle-to-Gate	An assessment of a partial product life cycle from manufacture ('cradle') to the factory gate (i.e., before it is transported to the consumer). An assessment of a partial product life cycle from manufacture ('cradle') to the factory gate (i.e., before it is transported to the consumer).
Cradle-to-Grave	The full Life Cycle Assessment from manufacture ('cradle') to use phase and disposal phase ('grave').
Daylight Harvesting	Digital photo sensors detect daylight levels and automatically adjust the output level of electric lighting to create a balance. The goal is energy savings. http://www.lightingcontrols.com/design/innovative/daylight/overview/overview.asp
Direct Imports	Merchandise sourced by Wal-Mart in a foreign country and imported directly by Wal-Mart for domestic consumption.
Domestically Sourced Merchandise	Merchandise imported by suppliers and purchased by Wal-Mart in the domestic market.
Domestically Produced Merchandise	Merchandise that a supplier has produced locally (in the local market).
Earth Month	Wal-Mart's annual campaign in April to educate customers on the benefits of the environmentally preferable products sold in Wal-Mart stores around the world.
Environmental Sustainability	The ability of an ecosystem to maintain ecological processes, functions, biodiversity and productivity into the future.
Environmentally Preferable Product	A product that has been created, processed or distributed in a more sustainable manner than similar products.
Fronthaul	Suppliers add goods to their trucks from other suppliers if all the products are going to the same ultimate destination.
Importer of Records	The entity that acts as the importer and thus is responsible for the importation of goods from a government perspective.
Light-Emitting Diodes (LED)	A semiconductor device which converts electricity into light. http://www.toolbase.org/Technology-Inventory/Electrical-Electronics/white-LED-lighting
Non-Governmental Organization (NGO)	A legally constituted, non-business organization created by natural or legal persons with no participation or representation of any government.
PET	Polyethylene terephthalate (sometimes written poly(ethylene terephthalate)), commonly abbreviated PET, PETE, or the obsolete PETP or PET-P), is a thermoplastic polymer resin of the polyester family and is used in synthetic fibers; beverage, food and other liquid containers; thermoforming applications; and engineering resins often in combination with glass fiber. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyethylene_terephthalate
Private Label Products	Merchandise that is distributed/sold by Wal-Mart under Wal-Mart owned, or exclusively licensed, proprietary brand names.
PVC	Polyvinyl chloride, The third most widely used thermoplastic polymer after polyethylene and polypropylene.
Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive (RoHS)	The directive on the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment.
Retail Market	Any country or territory where a subsidiary of Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. is located and operating retail stores.
Sandwich Bale Process	A process that involves compressing recyclable materials, including loose plastic, aluminum and paper, between 12-inch layers of cardboard.
Stakeholder	A party who is directly or indirectly impacted by, or impacts, any part of Wal-Mart's business.
Standards for Suppliers	Wal-Mart's Code of Conduct for labor, safety and environmental practices that apply to suppliers and their factories.
Subcontractor Factory	Factories contracted by other factories to produce finished merchandise.
Supplier	A company that sells merchandise to Wal-Mart.
Supplier Factory	Any factory or facility producing merchandise for our suppliers.
Sustainability 360	Our strategic approach to achieve our sustainability goals that involves taking a comprehensive view of our business — both inside and out — to find ways to reduce our own environmental footprint while engaging our suppliers, associates and customers around the world in our sustainability efforts. Overall, Sustainability 360 recognizes our ability to make a difference on the environment, and that this difference pales in comparison to the results we can achieve by leveraging our entire global supply chain.
Sustainable Value Network (SVN)	Strategic networks developed to integrate sustainable practices into the various divisions within our business.
Traceability	Ability to chronologically interrelate uniquely identifiable entities in a way that is verifiable.
Unannounced Audit	An audit of a factory's operations without advanced notification.
Wal-Mart vs. Walmart	The terms "Wal-Mart" and "Wal-Mart Stores" refer to the corporate entity. "Walmart," expressed as one word and without hyphenation, refers to the brand name of the Company's U.S. operations. This distinction came after the Company announced the introduction of a new logo for its U.S. store operations in June 2008.